Qualcomm Sues Apple's Contract Manufacturers in Rising Fight
Decision follows Apple move to halt licensing payments.
(Bloomberg) -- Qualcomm Inc.’s battle with Apple Inc. is heating up as the chip company hauls assemblers of the iPhone into a U.S. court on claims they are failing to pay patent royalties.
Four Asian contract manufacturers, including Foxconn Technology Group and Pegatron Corp., aren’t complying with obligations to pay for the use of patented technology, according to a complaint Qualcomm said it filed in federal court in San Diego. The other two companies sued are Wistron Corp. and Compal Electronics Inc.
Unlike other smartphone companies, Apple doesn’t have a direct license with Qualcomm and instead pays contractors to make its devices, parts of which are used to cover royalties such as those owed under agreements struck before the first iPhone appeared. The chipmaker blamed Apple for dragging its contract manufacturers into the dispute, saying the decision not to give them money for royalties had stopped them from paying Qualcomm, according to the complaint.
“Their gripe, their issue, appears to be with Apple,” said Qualcomm General Counsel Don Rosenberg. “We’re suing to make the point that others shouldn’t be used by Apple to advance this agenda they have of attacking us.”
Qualcomm said Apple has agreed to cover the costs incurred by the contract manufacturers.
Asked for comment, the company referred to an earnings call earlier this month in which Apple Chief Executive Officer Tim Cook said that the company is taking a “principled stand” because Qualcomm’s “really great work” is only “one small part of what an iPhone is,” so doesn’t merit a cut of the entire price of the handset.
Licensing Fees
Apple also repeated a statement it’s given in the past. “We’ve been trying to reach a licensing agreement with Qualcomm for more than five years but they have refused to negotiate fair terms,” Apple said in the statement. “Without an agreed-upon rate to determine how much is owed, we have suspended payments until the correct amount can be determined by the court. As we’ve said before, Qualcomm’s demands are unreasonable and they have been charging higher rates based on our innovation, not their own.”
Qualcomm was little changed at $55.89 at 12:45 p.m. in New York trading, while Apple dropped 2.2 percent to $152 as broader markets fell amid political turmoil in Washington.
One of the key components of Apple’s, and many others’, accusations against Qualcomm is the basis on which it charges licensing. Currently the fee is calculated as a percentage of the selling price of the phone. Qualcomm’s opponents argue that should be changed to a percentage of the price of the type of semiconductor that Qualcomm makes, a switch from a base of hundreds of dollars to tens of dollars.
Apple argues that the price of the whole phone encompasses innovation that they’ve done that has nothing to do with Qualcomm. Qualcomm has countered that the technology it’s contributed to the industry -- the way in which data is transmitted over radio waves -- is fundamental and supports all of the other innovations in the phone. Charging based on the price of the phone is also an industry-standard practice established in law, the chipmaker has argued.
Technology Patents
In addition to being one of the world’s largest maker of chips for mobile devices, Qualcomm owns thousands of patents on fundamental technology that ensures all phones work. That means Qualcomm can collect money on every smartphone, even those that have chips made by other companies.
In a separate agreement, Qualcomm pays Apple under a deal that the iPhone maker has described as a sort of “rebate” to lower the cost of royalties. Qualcomm said those payments are really part of a complex series of agreements meant to ensure peace between the two.
Apple has said it won’t give royalty payments to contract manufacturers until the dispute is resolved, according to Qualcomm. With the contractors in turn not paying Qualcomm -- at Apple’s direction, Qualcomm says -- the chipmaker last month was forced to slash third-quarter forecasts because it’s unclear when the royalties will be paid.
Qualcomm, which gets the bulk of its profit from licensing revenue, has been under investigation worldwide by regulators over its negotiation tactics. Apple and other companies claim Qualcomm is charging unfairly high rates in violation of pledges to license inventions that are essential to comply with industry standards.
Samsung Electronics Co. and Intel Corp., two competing chipmakers, are backing a U.S. Federal Trade Commission antitrust suit against Qualcomm that was filed just before the Apple case.
Rosenberg said manufacturers like Foxconn have been put in the middle -- they’re paying royalties on non-Apple products as they have for a decade or more. It’s just the royalties on Apple products that aren’t getting paid.
“We are suing to get our money,” Rosenberg said. He likened the resistance to pay for the use of Qualcomm technology to someone walking into an Apple store and refusing to pay full price for a smartphone.
“Pay for what you take and if you don’t want to pay for it, don’t take it,” he said.
The case was filed in Qualcomm’s hometown because the contracts establish that as the location for any disputes to be resolved, he said.
To contact the reporters on this story: Susan Decker in Washington at sdecker1@bloomberg.net, Ian King in San Francisco at ianking@bloomberg.net.
To contact the editors responsible for this story: Jon Morgan at jmorgan97@bloomberg.net, Elizabeth Wasserman