Merkel Chastised as Far-Right Surge Taints Fourth-Term Win
Merkel wins fourth term with Christian Democrat-led bloc taking 32.5 percent majority.
(Bloomberg) -- Angela Merkel won a fourth term as German chancellor in a victory that was marred by the hollowing out of support for the two main parties and a surge for the populist AfD in a clear rebuke to her open-doors refugee policy.
Merkel’s Christian Democrat-led bloc and her main challenger, Martin Schulz’s Social Democrats, plunged to historic lows as votes flowed to the anti-immigration Alternative for Germany, or AfD, in a sign of the growing polarization in Europe’s biggest economy. Six parties are poised to enter the lower house, the Bundestag, for the first time since 1953. Merkel and the other party leaders will hold press conferences on Monday to discuss the results.
The principal loser was Schulz’s SPD, which recorded its worst result since the war. The party leadership immediately announced its intention to go into opposition and not renew the so-called grand coalition with Merkel’s party that has governed for the past four years.
The AfD out-polled the pro-business Free Democrats, the Greens and the post-communist Left to become the first far-right party in the Bundestag since the immediate postwar period, after it channeled voter rage at Merkel for allowing some 1.3 million migrants to enter the country since 2015.
“Clearly, we had hoped for a somewhat better result,” but “we achieved the strategic targets of our election campaign,” Merkel said at her party’s headquarters in Berlin. Apart from the challenge of the AfD, the task ahead is “first and foremost to ensure economic prosperity” and “to hold the European Union together and build a strong Europe,” she said.
The result offers Merkel two possible routes to govern: The first is to add the Greens to a coalition with the Free Democrats, her party’s traditional allies with whom she governed from 2009 to 2013, in a so-called Jamaica coalition -- so named as the party colors match those of the country’s flag. While it’s a combination previously untested at national level, such a government was formed this year in the state of Schleswig-Holstein, and the chancellor has kept tabs on the region’s progress ever since.
“Jamaica is doable,” Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer, the CDU state prime minster of Saarland, told broadcaster ZDF.
For all their ideological differences, both the Greens and Free Democrats want to be in power, so “will make an effort to agree,” Famke Krumbmueller, a partner at political-risk consultancy OpenCitiz, said by phone. “If that fails, then the only option would be with the SPD. That would force their hand, since the only other option is a new election.”
Splintered Parliament
Even as she faces the most splintered parliament in modern German history, Merkel’s record-equaling fourth consecutive victory in a national election marks a revival of sorts of her political fortunes from the depths of the refugee crisis. If she can move to heal some of the divisions, Germany’s first female leader and the first from the formerly communist east may be on track to match former Chancellor Helmut Kohl’s record of 16 years in office.
All the same, the first task for Merkel, 63, is to forge a coalition that enables her to govern, a process that’s likely to take months. Once a government is in place, Merkel will face huge global expectations -- from shoring up the euro area together with France, to setting Europe’s tone in its dealings with the U.S. under President Donald Trump, and tackling the diesel-emissions crisis that threatens Germany’s dominance in producing luxury cars.
The euro snapped a two-day rally in Asian trading on the back of the uncertain outlook, while the prospect of a German coalition involving the Greens threatens to weigh on stocks in the auto sector at the opening on Monday. The currency slipped 0.14 percent to $1.1934.
All the same, speculation that the FDP’s relatively hard-line stance toward Europe could threaten efforts to work with French President Emmanuel Macron on euro-area integration “is often overdone,” according to Holger Schmieding and Florian Hense at Berenberg in London, who said the party’s views would likely moderate over time.
“Jamaica is the best solution by a long way,” Schmieding said in an interview. While putting together such a coalition wouldn’t be easy, he predicted that it wouldn’t materially alter Merkel’s policy on Europe.
Schulz Fades
Schulz’s defeat means the Social Democrats haven’t won an election since 2002. A former president of the European Parliament, Schulz, 61, appeared a formidable contender when the SPD pulled virtually even with Merkel’s bloc soon after he entered the race in January. But his surge quickly faded and he failed to convince voters to turn their backs on Europe’s longest-serving leader.
In the traditional post-election debate with the other party leaders on Sunday evening, Schulz said the SPD would form a strong opposition to the next government, which he said he was “sure” would be a three-way Jamaica coalition, since “Merkel will make any concession possible to hold on to the chancellery.”
Alice Weidel, one of two AfD lead candidates along with Alexander Gauland, said one of the first things the party will do is to make good on a promise to initiate a parliamentary inquiry into Merkel and her refugee policy. “We’ve come here to stay -- and we will,” she told cheering supporters in Berlin as results came in, while anti-AfD protestors demonstrated outside.
Founded as an anti-euro party opposed to financial bailouts for Greece and other southern European nations, the AfD narrowly missed out on Bundestag seats four years ago. With new leadership and a campaign focused on immigration -- its platform demands shutting the border to new asylum seekers and calls Germany’s Muslim majority “a great danger to our state” -- it succeeded in tapping into a well of discontent with Merkel’s policies.
The election outcome “is in a way a defeat for Merkel -- it’s a form of punishment,” Carsten Brzeski, chief economist at ING-Diba in Frankfurt, told Bloomberg Television. “It shows that a lot of people weren’t very satisfied with Merkel. They wanted to teach Merkel a lesson.”
--With assistance from Stefan Nicola Brian Parkin Arne Delfs and Chad Thomas
To contact the reporters on this story: Patrick Donahue in Berlin at pdonahue1@bloomberg.net, Birgit Jennen in Berlin at bjennen1@bloomberg.net, Rainer Buergin in Berlin at rbuergin1@bloomberg.net.
To contact the editors responsible for this story: Alan Crawford at acrawford6@bloomberg.net, Tony Czuczka
