U.S. Prepares Final China Trade Deal as Hawks Urge Caution
The U.S. is said to plan a summit between the two presidents as soon as mid-March,
(Bloomberg) -- U.S. officials are preparing a final trade deal that President Donald Trump and his Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping could sign in weeks, people familiar with the matter said, even as a debate continues in Washington over whether to push Beijing for more concessions.
The U.S. is eyeing a summit between the two presidents as soon as mid-March, said one of the people, who spoke on condition of anonymity because the preparations are confidential. The planning has been complicated by Xi’s need to lead China’s annual National People’s Congress in early March, as well as make other foreign trips, the people said.
A White House spokesman didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment.
Trump will have the final call on the U.S. side. At a summit in Vietnam this week with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, the U.S. president showed he’s willing to walk away if he doesn’t like the terms on the table, including with China. Talks with North Korea broke down after Trump refused to lift sanctions on the country, he said.
“Speaking of China we’re very well on our way to doing something special. But we’ll see,” Trump said at a press conference in Hanoi on Thursday. “I am always prepared to walk. I’m never afraid to walk from a deal, and I would do that with China, too, if it didn’t work out.”
Economic Damage
If there is no deal and the U.S. imposes the threatened 25 percent tariffs on $200 billion of imports from China, it will damage the economies of both nations. The International Monetary Fund estimates that would cut 0.2 percentage point from U.S. growth this year and 0.6 percentage point from China’s expansion.
Asian stocks edged higher Friday as the latest reading on China’s economy came in above expectations. Treasury yields held on to gains after a mixed set of economic signals in the U.S.
More Work
The preparations for a Trump-Xi summit come amid conflicting signals from the Trump administration over the prospect of a deal. Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said on Thursday the two nations are working on a 150-page document that would turn into a “very detailed agreement,” though he cautioned that “we still have more work to do.”
Speaking shortly before Mnuchin, White House economic adviser Larry Kudlow said the countries are on the verge of an “historic” pact that would commit Beijing to cut subsidies on state-owned companies and disclose when its central bank intervenes in currency markets.
“The progress has been terrific,” Kudlow, director of the White House’s National Economic Council, said in an interview on CNBC. “We have to hear from President Xi and the Politburo of course, but I think we’re headed toward a remarkable historic deal.”
Deep Change
His optimism came just a day after Trump’s top trade negotiator struck a more cautious tone. U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer told lawmakers that more work needs to be done and said the administration won’t accept a deal that doesn’t include significant “structural” changes to China’s state-driven economy. He also stressed the need for a enforcement mechanism, allowing the U.S. to take unilateral action if China breaks the rules.
Lighthizer is considered one of the more hawkish advisers among Trump’s trade team, along with White House official Peter Navarro, the author of "Death By China.” At Lighthizer’s testimony this week, several lawmakers urged the administration to push for deep reforms to China’s state-driven economy, rather than accepting a deal composed mostly of one-time promises to buy more American goods.
China Trade War Cost Tops $40 Billion in Lost U.S. Exports
Mnuchin on Thursday downplayed the notion of a rift within the administration on China.
“There’s been a lot of chatter about different parts of the administration,” he told CNBC in an interview from London. "We are completely united on these discussions.”
Negotiations with Beijing to address structural economic reforms are taking place on a track that’s separate from the talks about the quantity of American products the Chinese may agree to buy to reduce the U.S. trade deficit, one of the people briefed on the matter said.
The Chinese have offered to ramp up purchases of American goods by $1.2 trillion over six years, according to the person. It’s still unclear how Beijing would follow through on those purchases if retaliatory tariffs remained in place and other trading barriers aren’t removed, the person added. China bought $130 billion in U.S. goods in 2017, according to U.S. figures.
After several rounds of face-to-face meetings between U.S. and Chinese officials since last year, the sides are now in regular contact via phone and video-conference to hammer out the details of a deal, according to the person.
The U.S. Trade Representative’s office said Thursday it will publish a notice in the Federal Register delaying the increase of tariffs on Chinese imports until further notice. Trump had previously planned to raise tariffs on March 1, but on Sunday dropped the threat amid progress at the negotiating table.
--With assistance from Alyza Sebenius.
To contact the reporters on this story: Jenny Leonard in Washington at jleonard67@bloomberg.net;Andrew Mayeda in Washington at amayeda@bloomberg.net;Saleha Mohsin in Washington at smohsin2@bloomberg.net
To contact the editors responsible for this story: Brendan Murray at brmurray@bloomberg.net, Sarah McGregor
©2019 Bloomberg L.P.