Women Are Entering a Trucking Industry That’s Not Built for Them

(Bloomberg Businessweek) -- Since she got her learner’s permit at age 16, Clarise King-Green had driven just about every vehicle imaginable: cars, vans, minibuses, box trucks. But like most women in transportation, she’d never gotten behind the wheel of a freight truck.

That changed last summer when the Philadelphia resident, 50, enrolled in a state-sponsored program that helps aspiring drivers fund commercial-trucking school, where tuition costs as much as $7,000 for a multiweek course. It’s a line of work she’d briefly considered decades ago, but finding someone to care for her young daughters during nights spent on the road put her off. Now that they’re older, King-Green decided it was time.

“People that know me well say driving is in my blood, so it wasn’t intimidating. It was exciting, really,” she says about her first time in a big rig’s cab. She’s now one of hundreds of female drivers in a fleet with thousands of trucks. “I was just trying to find a career where I felt like I can make a lot of money to help take care of my kids. I’ve never really given too much thought to whether it’s a woman’s job.”

Facing a decades-old struggle to retain drivers—and a pandemic that’s cranked up demand for shipping—fleets long staffed by mostly male drivers are now looking to get more women behind the wheel. With the trucking industry anticipating a shortage of 100,000 drivers by 2023, recruitment efforts directed at women are becoming increasingly common.

Just 6.7% of long-haul drivers in 2019 were women, according to the American Trucking Associations, a number that’s barely budged in almost two decades. To change that, nonprofits, government programs, and trade groups in states including Oregon and New York have funded free certification for female drivers. The $550 million infrastructure package moving through Congress includes a provision to study how to recruit more female drivers. Some companies have even advertised for husband-and-wife driving teams to ease the strain of days spent away from home.

Part of the challenge, says Ellen Voie, chief executive officer of Women in Trucking, is changing women’s mental image of a truck driver: a middle-aged guy behind an 18-wheeler. Her Plover, Wis.-based nonprofit makes Girl Scout patches for troops to learn about careers in the supply chain, coloring books such as Shelby’s Big Rig Day, and a Cabbage Patch-style plush doll named Clare, described on the group’s website as a “driven young lady.” Voie estimates that she’s spoken with 400 to 500 recruiters, trucking school operators, and drivers over the past 14 years, pushing them to train and hire more women.

Early signs indicate efforts like those are working. The number of female drivers increased almost 30% from 2018 to 2019, to more than 10% of drivers, one survey of logistics professionals found. Women now staff a quarter of some fleets, says Craig Fuller, the CEO of transportation data firm FreightWaves.

Voie’s pitch often centers on a reality borne out by decades of data: Female truck drivers are, in aggregate, more cautious on the road. They get into fewer accidents, and those tend to be less serious, she says.

“I’ve seen research that says women drivers are safer. I’ve seen research that says experienced drivers are safer. If you put those two together, that’s the winning combination,” says Meera Joshi, a deputy administrator at the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) whose nomination to lead the agency awaits Senate confirmation.

Still, while female drivers are better on the road, the road isn’t always better for them. Driving requires enduring long, irregular hours, lonely conditions, and the risk of severe crashes. The field usually offers few benefits attractive to primary caregivers, such as paid parental leave or flexible hours that fit with the school day.

Desiree Wood, a member of the FMCSA’s advisory panel and founder of Real Women in Trucking—named to distinguish itself from Voie’s group—understands the problem in terms of life stages. For women with experience, many of whom are older, driving can be a perfect profession: It offers a median annual income of about $47,000 and the freedom to bid on preferred routes. For women with kids at home, the lifestyle is tougher. She’s heard anecdotes about women home-schooling their kids from the sleeper berth, bound to a weekday route but unable to pay for child care. While first-year drivers often earn base salaries of about $40,000, even well-paying driving jobs can be a tough sell.

Missing “birthdays, anniversaries, holidays, being out here by yourself on Christmas, being out here by yourself on Mother’s Day—these are the things a lot of people aren’t prepared for,” says Ingrid Brown, the owner-operator of North Carolina-based trucking company Rollin’ B LLC.

Sexual harassment and assault are concerns, too. While there’s little data on misconduct in the sector, it’s prevalent enough that some trucking schools warn women about it before they get on the road. Sharae Moore, the founder of S.H.E. Trucking, started her 20,000-member Facebook group and licensing program in part to help women entering the industry avoid companies known for tolerating sexual misconduct. Interstate Trucking Academy owner Gary Hollands, who runs a free training program for women in Portland, Ore., says he added lessons on self-defense and dealing with sexual misconduct to his licensing course.

“How to drive a truck is only one part of our program,” he says. “The main part of the program is how to navigate the culture that they’re going into.”

Jenny Reeves, 47, who graduated from the initiative’s first class, says she appreciated the instructors’ willingness to be frank about what it’s like to be a female driver. Hollands tells female students to carry mace and share their stop schedule with a friend in case they run into trouble. Reeves, who recently started hauling waste in Portland, says she got so many job interviews after finishing trucking school in June that she felt like “the trash princess.”

To get hired, “you pretty much just have to have a pulse,” says Real Women in Trucking’s Wood. “What I’d like to see is a path to success.”

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